Leaving the European Union the UK will again become fully responsible for the development of its foreign trade law and policy – an area for which the EU currently holds exclusive competence.
How many offspring to produce, how often to reproduce and over how many years are key life history traits that describe the rate of living of organisms [1].
The dispersal of plant diseases is among the most important side effects of a closely integrated global economy. There are many examples of plant diseases that were introduced to the UK and other countries by trade, including Phytophthora ramorum, Dutch elm disease and ash dieback.
Background. For many developing countries ensuring food security for its people and preserving the rich biodiversity on its untainted land are often regarded as a tradeoff.
Illegal trading in animal products is commonplace, widespread and diverse, ranging from trafficking high-value, CITES-protected, endangered species between countries, fraudulent misidentification of by-catch fish filleted at sea (estimated at ~25%), through to substitution of low-value meat from one species into foodstuffs advertised as containing another (e.g.
Illegal trading in animal products is commonplace, widespread and diverse, ranging from substitution of low-value meat from one species into foodstuffs advertised as containing another (e.g.
Historically nations have traded-off environmental degradation to achieve economic development. However, a turning point is sometimes observed above a certain level of wealth where countries invest in pro-environmental efforts.
The pollination services provided by bees and other insects are vital to persistence of Scotland’s semi-natural habitats, and they sustain important rural industries including production of crops, soft fruits and honey.
