This research will consider a crucial element of disaster risk, our resilience, specifically our resilience to flood disasters. Flooding is a prominent and dangerous challenge to many communities, and one of the main challenges that the UK faces because of the changing climate (DEFRA, 2015). How communities respond and react to this on-going challenge is critical, as they predominantly determine resilience, and are a crucial element of effective flood risk management. Yet currently, public awareness is very low (Rollason et al. 2018), despite vast amounts of flood risk information readily available (Haer et al. 2016). That is where effective communication, particularly visualisation (flood risk mapping), is key to building personal and collective resilience that will ultimately build understanding of the realities of flood risk and shape the most appropriate local responses. However, current flood risk mapping practices are unsuccessful (don’t match end-user requirements or cannot be understood) (Meyer et al. 2012; Warburton, 2016; Percival et al. 2020) and crucially need to become effective to ensure flood resilient actions are taken, as these approaches are generally still the most ideal platform for conveying essential flood risk information and therefore achieving this.
To move towards this goal a PhD student will join our flourishing School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, at Liverpool John Moores University and work under the supervisory team of Dr Sarah Percival, Dr Kostas Kiriakoulakis and Dr Ian Walkington (GeoSmart Information). The PhD research will aim to help communities become more resilient to flooding and will involve exploration of visualisation approaches to the communication of flood risk, that are able to capture and integrate the preferences and experiences of flood stakeholders into the decision-making process. To achieve this (1) A programme of surveys and focus groups/workshops with flood stakeholders (e.g., Environment Agency, DEFRA, National Flood Forum) will be established to (a) further explore key flood risk visualisation criteria and needs (central hub of information, community knowledge, interactivity, terminology, variety of visualisations) i.e., different elements for different users; (b) trial variations of visualisation delivery - 2D vs 3D (Augmented Reality); (c) evaluate redeveloped visuals; and (2) A review and dissemination of the key outcomes including identification of best visualisation practices that reflect flood stakeholders’ requirements and underpin impact i.e., the results will provide planners, managers, Local Authorities a proactive format for flood risk communication practices in areas that have high flood risk levels but no history of flood events. Helping make a step change in the way communities improve resilience to increasing flood risk, a local, regional, and national challenge.
To accomplish these objectives the PhD student will have access to numerous flood stakeholder groups via the Supervisory team and state-of-the-art gaming computers, tablets, and HoloLens via the newly established Flood Resilience Hub at LJMU. The methods and outcomes of this project will particularly help develop the applicants’ skills in networking, facilitation, GIS, software development and visualisation techniques.