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  Impact of changing estuaries on offshore wind infrastructure: Identifying key environmental drivers for morphodynamics governing port access, in the context of current and future offshore wind requirements


   Energy and Environment Institute

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  Dr Anne Baar, Prof T Coulthard, Prof Robert Dorrell  No more applications being accepted  Funded PhD Project (Students Worldwide)

About the Project

This PhD scholarship is offered by the Aura Centre for Doctoral Training in Offshore Wind Energy and the Environment; a partnership between the Universities of Durham, Hull, Newcastle and Sheffield. The successful applicant will undertake a PG-Dip training year and will continue their PhD research at University of Hull.

For more information visit www.auracdt.hull.ac.uk. Or if you have a direct question about the project, please email [Email Address Removed] and we will forward the query to the relevant supervisor. Please do not contact the project supervisors directly.

To achieve climate goals, offshore wind is expected to grow fivefold in the next 7 years (50 GW ambition by 2030) with further continuance to provide UK net-zero by 2050. Essential to this growth is the development and expansion of ports and ensuring access through shipping fairway maintenance. Ports are essential to the whole lifecycle of offshore wind, from construction phase, ongoing operations and maintenance (O&M) to decommissioning activities. Despite their importance, there is a significant risk that port capacity will be insufficient to support the offshore wind build-out rates required to meet net-zero targets.

Ports are often built in highly morphodynamic coastal areas, such as the Humber estuary, since they are accessible by both the sea and upstream rivers, allowing for international ship access and supply of materials and national and international redistribution. Estuaries are the most dynamic landscapes on earth and are uniquely sensitive to slight changes in environmental drivers, e.g. sediment input, waves, currents and sea level rise. These coastal areas are therefore under significant pressure from climate change, with expected sea level rise and increased hydrological extremes, and from anthropogenic measures to decrease flood risk and maintain economic activity. A change in these environmental drivers will lead to changes in sediment dynamics, channel depth and bank erosion within, and just offshore of, the estuary. There is therefore a risk associated to ports and estuaries from climate change during operational lifespan of wind farms currently being constructed.

Understanding natural controls on port access is therefore critical to enable long-term logistical planning, managing and mitigating cost risks of the future offshore wind industry. With offshore wind developments planned through to 2030, and beyond, plus the operational lifespan of windfarms exceeding 25-years it is crucial that long term planning being undertaken now is appropriately constrained. Therefore, this project aims to investigate the environmental controls on estuaries, dictating port access, in the context of current and future offshore wind requirements.

The complex interaction between environmental drivers and internal processes, such as sediment characteristics and ecology, is poorly understood and requires knowledge on system scale morphodynamics. The relevant importance of these variables need to be identified in an overarching framework, since the impact of climate change and anthropogenic influences will vary significantly depending estuary characteristics and location.

For example, the impact of sea-level rise on estuary morphology is expected to depend on estuary size and the change in tidal amplitudes (Leuven et al., 2019). Change in river discharge and hydraulic extremes will depend on climatic changes in the catchment area. Sediment input from upstream and from marine sources will depend on sediment type, land use change and engineering structures (Cox et al., 2021).

Entry requirements

If you have received a First-class Honours degree or a 2:1 Honours degree and a Masters (or the international equivalents) in Engineering, Computer Science, Earth Science, Geography, Physics or Mathematics and statistics, we would like to hear from you. 

If your first language is not English, or you require Tier 4 student visa to study, you will be required to provide evidence of your English language proficiency level that meets the requirements of the Aura CDT’s academic partners. This course requires academic IELTS 7.0 overall, with no less than 6.0 in each skill.

How to apply

Applications are via the University of Hull online portal; you must download a supplementary application from the Aura CDT website, complete and submit.

For more information about the Aura CDT including links and detailed instructions on how to apply, please visit the website: https://auracdt.hull.ac.uk/how-to-apply/

Eligibility

Research Council funding for postgraduate research has residence requirements. Our Aura CDT scholarships are available to Home (UK) Students. To be considered a Home student, and therefore eligible for a full award, a student must have no restrictions on how long they can stay in the UK and have been ordinarily resident in the UK for at least 3 years prior to the start of the scholarship (with some further constraint regarding residence for education). For full eligibility information, please refer to the EPSRC website. In addition, a number of Aura CDT Scholarships will be available to International Students across the projects offered by the partner institutions.

Webinar

For more information why not watch a recording of the webinar we held on 29 November. You will be able to hear the Project Leads from each partner institutions, as well as the question and answer session that followed the presentations.

Computer Science (8) Engineering (12) Environmental Sciences (13) Geography (17) Geology (18)

Funding Notes

The Aura CDT is funded by the EPSRC and NERC, allowing us to provide scholarships that cover fees plus a stipend set at the UKRI nationally agreed rates, circa £17,668 per annum at 2022/23 rates (subject to progress).

References

Cox, J. R., Dunn, F. E., Nienhuis, J. H., van der Perk, M., & Kleinhans, M. G. (2021). Climate change and human influences on sediment fluxes and the sediment budget of an urban delta: the example of the lower Rhine–Meuse delta distributary network. Anthropocene Coasts, 4(1), 251-280.
Leuven, J. R., Pierik, H. J., Vegt, M. V. D., Bouma, T. J., & Kleinhans, M. G. (2019). Sea-level-rise- induced threats depend on the size of tide-influenced estuaries worldwide. Nature climate change, 9(12), 986-992.