NERC ONE Planet DTP
The oceans are stratified, since variations in seawater temperature and salinity lead to layers of different densities. This density stratification allows for internal waves to exist and propagate. These waves are barely visible at the surface of the ocean but can reach large amplitudes of 10s-100s of meters in its interior. Such waves are usually generated by tidal motions over underwater mountains or by currents in certain narrow straits or river mouths. They play a major role in mixing different layers in the oceans, can transport energy over long distances, and are an important dissipation mechanism for tidal motion. Internal solitary waves (ISWs) are a particular form of internal waves that are composed of a single or very few pulses and can travel very large distances without significant change in form.
Recent prolonged ice retreat and satellite imagery have revealed that ISWs are widespread in open water areas of the Arctic Ocean and its marginal seas. Establishing how ISWs interact with sea-ice is an open question with huge ramifications in understanding physical oceanographic processes within the Arctic as well as sea-ice melting in that region. This in turn has implications for climate modelling and prediction.
In this project, the fluid dynamics of ISWs interacting with sea-ice will be studied through laboratory experiments. The PhD student will be trained in the generation, visualisation and measurement of ISWs in a purpose-built wave flume at Newcastle University. In addition, there will be opportunities to undertake numerical simulation of the flow in collaboration with Prof M Stastna, University of Waterloo. The student will gain valuable skills in experimental flow investigation including flow visualisation and measurement via Particle Image Velocimetry and micro-conductivity sensors. They will have the opportunity to undertake mathematical modelling and numerical analysis; giving them a broad skill set and training across disciplines.
Key Research Gaps and Questions:
- How do internal solitary waves (ISWs) interact with sea-ice?
- What happens when ISWs encounter an ice shelf?
- How does ISW-induced flow affect sea-ice?
Prerequisites:
Candidates who have/expect a first class or high 2:1 honours degree in mathematics, physics, oceanography, engineering or a closely related discipline. Candidates must demonstrate high academic potential to successfully complete the PhD. Enthusiasm for research, an ability to think and work independently, excellent analytical skills and strong verbal and written communication skills are essential requirements. Some knowledge of fluid dynamics and an interest in experimental work are desirable. For more information, please contact Dr Magda Carr ([Email Address Removed]).
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