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  Study on Marine Vessel Drag Reduction with Textured Surfaces and Pulsed Air Lubrication


   N0MES CDT

  , , ,  Friday, April 11, 2025  Funded PhD Project (UK Students Only)

About the Project

Reducing hydrodynamic drag on marine vessels is pivotal for enhancing fuel efficiency and minimising environmental impact. Studies indicate that a 5% reduction in drag can directly translate to approximately 5% decrease in fuel consumption, leading to significant cost savings and reduced emissions. The proposed project aims at advancing drag reduction technologies for marine vessels by integrating textured surfaces with unsteady air flow pumping. Building on findings from recent turbulence studies within the group, this project aims to develop a novel drag reduction methodology.  

The project will focus on studying detailed turbulent flow behaviour and drag by applying textured surfaces to the hull. These textures have shown great potential in reducing turbulence and decreasing drag in classical fluid mechanics problems, such as flat plates and channel flows. Moreover, the project will explore unsteady air flow pumping techniques to enhance air lubrication which may influence bubble behaviour near the hull. The study will investigate the interaction between airflow and surface textures across a range of flow and texture configurations, with the aim of further improving drag reduction.

The project will use an in-house direct numerical simulation (DNS) code and also OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, alongside physical testing at LJMU and the University of Liverpool using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV). AI and machine learning will be used to refine data analysis, optimise design configurations, and enhance predictive modelling. These will help improve CFD simulations, making it easier to identify the best surface textures and air flow settings for maximum efficiency.

Research will identify optimal design configurations and air flow modulation strategies for enhanced drag reduction. Expected outcomes include improved fuel efficiency, significant CO2 reductions, and innovations in sustainable shipping. Findings will foster collaboration between academia and industry, ensuring practical maritime engineering applications.

Computer Science (8) Engineering (12) Environmental Sciences (13)

Funding Notes

PhD opportunities in Net Zero Maritime Energy Solutions (N0MES) CDT. The NOMES PhDs are funded by the University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, UKRI, and over 30 industrial partners. 

This PhD will be based in the School of Engineering at Liverpool John Moores University.

Applicants should hold as a minimum an upper-second class honours degree but preferably a master’s degree in a related subject.

The PhD studentships are for full-time study for four years and include a full Home/UK tuition fee and annual stipend starting at the UKRI current rate, which is paid in monthly instalments. The studentship also comes with access to additional funding in the form of a research training support grant which is available to fund conference attendance, fieldwork, internships etc.

Applicants should submit their CV, a project proposal and a covering letter to Tricia Waterson at , quoting the project reference number (LJMU_R2_07_MS). The covering letter should include contact details of two referees, 1 of whom must be an academic written from an academic perspective detailing your suitability for the PhD. 

For further information on the project, please contact [academic lead] at {academic


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