The effects of fiction consumption on Theory-of-Mind in adults

Evidence supports long-term benefits of frequent reading in older adults including increased longevity, and reduced risk of cognitive decline across all levels of education (Bavishi et al., 2016; Chang et al., 2021). Recent evidence showed that reading fiction improves Theory-of-Mind (ToM) when compared to non-fiction and no-reading conditions (Wimmer et al., 2024). Engaging with fictional characters may be a potent protective factor in cognitive and social function, allowing us to better understand our peers in the real world (Mar et al., 2006). Despite these promising findings, little is known about whether reading fiction improves ToM in older adults over time.

This PhD in Psychology project will expand on existing research focusing on the older adult population. Other aspects of communication, empathy, executive function and perspective taking will be examined as well. Having higher ToM is associated with better social skills, particularly in older age groups to maintain social relationships and general quality of life. However, we also know that older adults have difficulties in ToM as a result of age-related decline. The benefit of having superior / intact ToM is considered as a necessity in navigate the intricacies in social communication.

Due to the nature of this project, applicants should have at least a Psychology background either at an undergraduate or Masters level before applying. Applicants should be familiar with experimental and quantitative design.

How to apply

Formal applications can be made through the University of Bradford web site; applicants should register an account and select 'Full-time PhD in Psychology' as the course, and then provide the project title when prompted.

About the University of Bradford

Bradford is a research-active University supporting the highest-quality research. We excel in applying our research to benefit our stakeholders by working with employers and organisations world-wide across the private, public, voluntary and community sectors and actively encourage and support our postgraduate researchers to engage in research and business development activities.

Positive Action Statement

At the University of Bradford our vision is a world of inclusion and equality of opportunity, where people want to, and can, make a difference. We place equality and diversity, inclusion, and a commitment to social mobility at the centre of our mission and ethos. In working to make a difference we are committed to addressing systemic inequality and disadvantages experienced by Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic staff and students.

Under sections 158-159 of the Equality Act 2010, positive action can be taken where protected group members are under-represented. At Bradford, our data show that people from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic groups who are UK nationals are significantly under-represented at the postgraduate researcher level. 

These are lawful measures designed to address systemic and structural issues which result in the under-representation of Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic students in PGR studies.