Through exceptionally strong research collaborations at the interface of chemistry, biology, and medicine, we have applied innovative thinking to the field of (Minor Groove Binders) MGBs to develop a novel platform for drug discovery with the potential to treat an impressive range of diseases, including bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral infections. This platform, the Strathclyde Minor Groove Binders (S-MGBs) has evolved from the first discovered MGB, distamycin, and we can design novel compounds with tailored activities through a detailed understanding of DNA binding, sequence selectivity, and physicochemical characteristics.
MGB lead compounds have in vivo activity (MIC = 0.2 µg/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria. In December 2015 our commercial partner, MGB Biopharma, completed the successful Phase I Clinical Trial (NCT02518607) of our lead candidate MGB-BP-3 for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections; it is now going through Phase IIa. MGB-BP-3 is taken up selectively by bacterial cells and interacts with bacterial DNA. Its mode of action is consistent with the arrest of transcription of a number of essential genes. Thus, the multi-target nature of binding of MGB-BP-3 may indicate why we have never seen mutation to resistance for this compound. Several bacterial resistance mechanisms would thus have to be developed at once for a new MGB drug to become ineffective. This indicates that MGBs are very suitable drugs for the AMR era because several new bacterial resistance mechanisms would thus have to evolve together for a new MGB drug to become ineffective.
Recently, researchers at the University of Strathclyde, including the Scott research group, have begun to significantly expand the therapeutic potential of the S-MGB drug discovery platform. Specifically, efforts have resulted in the selection of lead compounds for the treatment of: Animal African Trypanosomiasis with the University of Glasgow, the University of Edinburgh and GALVmed;1 Human African Trypanosomiasis and Malaria with Griffith University;2 Tuberculosis with University of Cape Town;3 Cryptococus neoformas and Candida auris with University of Manchester;4 and a variety of cancers with the Universites of Huddersfield and Strathclyde.5
There remains much work that can be done in developing new generations of S-MGBs with improved activities, reduced toxicity, and pathogen specificity, in order to progress compounds to pre-clinical development and beyond.
Interested potential PhD candidates will have the opportunity to engage in our drug design programme, but will be able to choose the specific focus of the project that most interests them, in discussion with the PI. For example, projects might include a significant organic and medicinal chemistry component, or pathogen microbiology, and there will be the potential to gain skills in biochemical assays (such as enzyme inhibition), and biophysical studies (such as UV-vis and NMR). Moreover, the specific target infectious organism is also up for discussion.
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