Influencing mucus to change the microbiota

Numerous recent studies have described altered microbiota (dysbiosis) in various disease states. Currently cutting edge studies are directed at ascertaining if dysbiosis is causative or merely an effect of the disease. The general consensus is that decreased diversity within the microbial ecosystem correlates with numerous autoimmune, autoinflammatory and infectious conditions. Few studies have addressed how to change a dysbiotic ecosystem. The small intestine and colon represent the most complex host-resident microbial ecosystem per m2 of mucosal surface area and mucous-resident species can utilize host-secreted mucous as a carbon source. Previous findings from the Campbell laboratory have indicated that metabolic changes occur within the host epithelium, in particular the mucus-secreting goblet cells, results in altered mucus secretion and glycosylation.

In this 3 year PhD project, by building upon findings of the Campbell laboratory, we will investigate how metabolic changes within the host mucosal epithelium alter the composition of mucous and how this mechanistically may alter the microbial niche. Specifically, we will provide mechanistic insights into the following questions:
1) how epithelial enzymes that control mucin glycosylation are regulated?
2) how are commensals and opportunistic pathogens affected by altered mucin glycosylation?
3) aside from goblet cells, are other epithelial lineages functionally affected by metabolic challenge?

ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

Candidates should have or expect to obtain a 2:1 or higher Honours degree or equivalent in a relevant biomedical or life sciences subject.

English Language

Candidates applying from countries where the first language is not English should produce evidence of their competence through a qualification such as IELTS or TOEFL score.

The minimum recommended score for the School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science is:
• IELTS score of 6.0 with not less than 5.5 in each of the four component elements of listening, reading, speaking and writing taken within the last 2 years;
• TOEFL score of 80+ (internet basted test), taken within the last 2 years, with minimum component scores of; Listening 17, Reading 18, Speaking 20, Writing 17);
• A valid Certificate of Proficiency in English grade A or B;
• A valid Certificate of Advanced English grade A; or
• A first or upper second class honours degree from a university based in the UK, Republic of Ireland or other suitably quality assured location in a country deemed by the UK Border Agency to be majority English speaking.

For a list of English Language qualifications also accepted by the School and University please see the following link:
http://www.qub.ac.uk/International/International-students/Applying/English-language-requirements/#English

The English Language Unit (ELU) offers both pre-sessional and in-sessional courses in English for academic purposes and study skills. Courses vary in length and full information can be obtained from the ELU http://www.qub.ac.uk/tefl/