In-situ x-ray characterisation of the charge distribution at electrochemical interfaces

The charge distribution at an electrified interface between the metal electrode and electrolyte and/or any adsorbing species remains an unsolved but crucial question for electrochemical processes. This includes both the charge distribution in solution close to the interface and, in more detail, the electronic structure of the atoms at the interface itself. There has been great improvement in the theoretical modelling of electrochemical interfaces over the last few years. However, direct experimental results that are able to challenge and develop the theoretical predictions regarding charge distribution and double layer structure are still lacking.

This project aims to tackle these challenges through the combination of new developments of surface diffraction techniques aiming at faster surface structural characterisation and further development of the experimental procedure of resonant surface x-ray diffraction.
This project will establish new experimental methodologies giving unique insight into the charge distribution at the electrode by assessing the individual electron distribution at single atoms and thus revealing insights into the atomic bonding at and close to the interface at a level of detail precedently unknown. We have recently proven the experimental and theoretical feasibility of this approach. During the development of the experimental methodology electrochemical systems relevant to current electrochemical technologies will be studied, namely processes of importance to electrochemical application: electrodeposition and electrocatalysis.

Training in all aspects of the project will be provided with access to state-of-the-art infrastructure in the University.

The experimental work will include laboratory based characterisation by electrochemical methods and X-Ray diffraction including the design of new experimental set-ups. Travel to various synchrotron (ESRF (Grenoble), Diamond (Oxford) and the APS (Chicago)) is foreseen for the in-situ characterisation by x-ray scattering methods. The Condensed Matter Physics group and the Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy provide an internationally leading research and training environment for PhD students in the fields of Surface & Interface Science, Electrochemistry and Surface Processing.

Prior background in electrochemistry and/or condensed matter physics (especially X-Ray diffraction) would be an advantage. The project may involve the use of computer algebra or numerical methods for data analysis. Some programming skills and background in computer science would be helpful but not necessary. The successful candidate should have or expect to have at least a 2:1 degree or equivalent in Physics and/or Chemistry. Informal enquiries should be addressed to Dr Yvonne Grunder on +44(0)1517952156, email [Email Address Removed].