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  The impact of pollutants on sperm production and fertility in amphipods


   Faculty of Biological Sciences

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Prof Alison Dunn  Applications accepted all year round  Competition Funded PhD Project (European/UK Students Only)

About the Project

The impact of pollutants on sperm production and fertility in amphipods Supervisors Alison Dunn (Univ Leeds) & Alex Ford (Univ Portsmouth)

Environmental contaminants (e.g. endocrine disrupting chemicals) have dramatic impacts on male fertility and are an issue both for wildlife and humans. Many toxicity studies have reported reduced sperm counts in vertebrates as a result of exposure to chemicals including metals and pesticides. However, we know little about the impact on invertebrates.

Amphipod Crustacea are keystone species in freshwater and marine ecosystems. They provide ecosystem services through processing the basal energy by shredding and grazing. Predation on smaller species affects invertebrate biodiversity. Furthermore, they are key prey for commercial and recreational fish stocks, whales and wading birds. Therefore, the impact of industrial contaminants on male fertility and hence on amphipod population dynamics could have profound ramifications for energy flow and community structure.

The aim of the studentship is to investigate the impact of industrial pollutants on spermatogenesis, fertility and sex determination in amphipod Crustacea.

OBJECTIVES
1.To test the hypothesis than exposure to industrial contaminants will reduce sperm quantity and quality.
2.To test the hypothesis that exposure to industrial contaminants will reduce male mating success and fertility.
3. To investigate the effect of contaminants on sex determination
4. To test for an interaction between pollutants and parasites on host reproduction

Training; You will learn toxicity protocols, behavioural experiments and sperm analysis techniques
Driving needed for fieldwork, time will be spent at Leeds and Portsmouth to learn complementary skills.

Funding Notes

Open competition studentship. Possible funding ; NERC quota (date TBA, likely mid Jan), Univ scholarship (contact A Dunn to discuss, due mid jan), self funded.
Please ensure that applications are sent to the Graduate School, Faculty Biological Sciences, Univ Leeds AS WELL as to the supervisor. . Please see links below.http://www.fbs.leeds.ac.uk/gradschool/index.php .


References

The study system
Dunn, A.M., Dick, J.T.A. & Hatcher, M.J. 2008. The less amorous Gammarus; predation risk affects mating decisions in Gammarus duebeni (Amphipoda). Animal Behaviour 76, 1289-1295.
Dunn, A.M., Andrews, T. Ingrey, H., Riley, J. & Wedell, N. 2008 Strategic sperm allocation under parasitic sex-ratio distortion. Biology Letters 2, 78-80
MacNeil, C., Dick, J.T.A., Hatcher, M.J., Terry, R.S., Smith, J.E. & Dunn A.M. 2003 Parasite mediated predation between native and invasive amphipods. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 270, 1309-1314

Reviews
Dunn, A.M. Parasites and Biological Invasions. 2009 In Joanne P. Webster, editor: Advances in Parasitology, 68, 161-184
Hatcher, M.J., Dick. J.T.A. & Dunn, A.M. 2006 How parasites affect interactions between competitors and predators. Ecology Letters 9, 1253-1271





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Project supervisors

Career overview

Professor Alison M. Dunn obtained a BA Hons in Zoology from Pembroke College, Oxford. Following her undergraduate studies, she worked as a Nature Research Warden, a Lab Technician, and a Violin Teacher before returning to academia to pursue a PhD at the University of Leeds, focusing on Parasitic Sex Ratio Distorters, which are parasites that alter the sex of their hosts. After completing her PhD, she conducted postdoctoral research at the NERC Centre for Population Biology at Imperial College. Professor Dunn joined the University of Leeds as a NERC Research Fellow and subsequently as a University Research Fellow before becoming a member of the academic staff. She is currently a Professor of Ecology in the School of Biology, where her research primarily addresses issues related to Invasive Species and Wildlife Diseases.


Research interests

Professor Dunn''s research focuses on Invasive Species, Parasitic Disease, and Novel Ecosystems. She studies the impact of invasive alien species on native species and ecosystems, examining how these species can lead to population extinctions and changes in community structure and ecosystem function. Her work also investigates the role of parasites in these interactions, including how invasive species can introduce new parasites that may infect native species, potentially leading to emerging infectious diseases. Additionally, Professor Dunn explores how parasitic diseases affect host behaviour and life history, influencing competitive and predator-prey interactions, and ultimately impacting community structure and ecosystem function. She collaborates with environmental managers to develop practical biosecurity measures aimed at preventing the spread of invasive non-native species (INNS), which pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services. Her research includes working with industry partners, such as water companies, to mitigate the spread of invasive species during water transfers. Furthermore, she examines the relationship between extinction, invasions, and parasites, investigating how parasite control can be viewed as a form of managed extinction and its implications for conservation and biodiversity.

View Professor Alison M. Dunn's profile