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  Medical Practioners as ‘Expert Witnesses’ in early modern Genevan Criminal Trials


   College of Arts & Social Sciences

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About the Project

The modern concept of an ‘expert witness’ is largely seen as originating during the course of the 19th century. However, many early modern societies made considerable use of their own experts in criminal trials. The rich records held in Geneva’s State Archives contain numerous examples of trials where medical experts (apothecaries, physicians, barber-surgeons, midwives) were regularly asked to give testimony. In many cases, the verdict directly hinged on this testimony. This study will consider who these experts were, how they were selected by the state, the types of trials in which they gave testimony, the impact of their testimony, the format of their testimony (written and/or verbal) as well as any change over time in the century (or so) after Geneva’s Reformation in the 1530s.

 About the Project